For example, the (complex) Golgi apparatus (made up of small membranous sacks called dictyosomes) has the function of ordering and storing products such as proteins (created in the rough endoplasmic reticulum) and participate in the synthesis of sugars.
The endoplasmic reticulum is a membranous system formed of laminillas, vesicles (or sacks) and flattened tubes. It can be smooth or rough depending the ribosomes adhering to it. The rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes attached to the surface of its membrane and synthesizes (creates) proteins and lipids then stores them before transporting them to their final destination. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum lacks ribosomes and must complete various functions, among them: cellular transportation, the fabrication of lipids and the metabolization of other chemical substances. For example, in the liver, the develop in detoxification and glucogenesis (formation of glycogen from the glucose of food). Every cell has to maintain its own cytoplasm, and to do so must synthisize proteins to sustain elements consumed, a process which takes place in the ribosomes. Concretely, these are structures without membrane, incharge of creating proteins according to the genetic information it receives from the DNA. They are tiny and present in all living cells (except in spermatozoon).
Each ribosome consists of one large and one small subunit, which are elaborated in the nucleolus and then spill out like separate entities towards the cytosol.
Among the organelles are also the lysosome, which are vesicles enclosed in a membrane, formed in the Golgi apparatus and that contain large number of degrading enzymes which digest internal material (their own waste products) or external material (substances that that have entered the cell by way of phagocytosis) and then eliminate them through the cellular membrane.
The peroxisome or microbodies are tiny spherical organelles surrounded by membranes, very similar to lysosome, although they are very different in their enzymatic contents. They oxidize certain substances.
The centriole are barrel shaped structures which carry out a very important role in the process of cell division and locomotion.
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