Bounded to the north by Russia, to the east by the Caspian Sea, to the south by Iran, to the west by Armenia and to the northwest by Georgia. Its territory has high mountain ranges and narrow valleys.
Azerbaijan is one of the oldest exporters of petroleum in the world, and its economy is based on this product. Other important sectors in the economy are industry, mainly machine construction, chemicals and textiles. Silk produced by the silk worm is used in textile production. In the lowlands, near the Caspian Sea, the climate allows the production of cotton, fruit, tea and tobacco.
Located in Baku, Azerbaijan’s main port controls the heavy shipping traffic of the Caspian Sea and is connected by
oil pipelines with the port of Batumi in Georgia on the Black Sea.
